A cikin robots na ƙarƙashin ruwa, ROVs, motocin ƙarƙashin ruwa masu zaman kansu, da kuma tsarin turawa daban-daban na ƙarƙashin ruwa, rage hayaniyar turawa ya zama muhimmin abin la'akari da ƙira. Hayaniya mai yawa ba wai kawai tana rage ɓoyewar aiki ba, har ma tana iya tsoma baki ga tsarin sonar da na'urori masu auna sigina a cikin jirgin, wanda hakan ke shafar daidaiton manufa. A cikin aikace-aikacen duniya da yawa, matsalolin hayaniya ba abu ɗaya bane ke haifar da su, amma suna faruwa ne sakamakon rashin daidaito tsakanin injin da propeller. Wannan labarin yana bincika manyan hanyoyin hayaniyar a cikin injinan turawa na ƙarƙashin ruwa kuma yana mai da hankali kan dabarun daidaita motoci da propeller masu amfani don cimma aiki mai natsuwa.
Manyan Tushen Hayaniya a cikin na'urorin da ke ƙarƙashin ruwa
Hayaniyar da ake samu yayin aikin injin turawa gabaɗaya ana iya rarraba ta zuwa hayaniyar injiniya, hayaniyar lantarki, da hayaniyar hydrodynamic.
Sautin injina yawanci yana da alaƙa da bearings na mota, daidaita shaft, da kuma daidaiton haɗuwa. Bearings marasa inganci ko rashin daidaituwa na iya haifar da girgiza a cikin saurin juyawa mai yawa, wanda ake watsawa da kuma ƙara shi ta cikin ruwa yadda ya kamata.
Hayaniyar lantarki tana samo asali ne daga girgizar juyi a cikin injin mara gogewa. Idan tsarin maganadisu, ƙirar lanƙwasa, ko tsarin sarrafawa ba a inganta shi sosai ba, canjin ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙaruwa, wanda ke haifar da girgizar tsari da kuma hayaniyar da ake ji a ƙarƙashin ruwa.
Hayaniyar hydrodynamic tana da alaƙa da halayen propeller a cikin ruwa. Cavitation, kwararar ruwa mai ƙarfi, da canjin matsin lamba na lokaci-lokaci da propellers masu juyawa ke haifarwa sune manyan abubuwan da ke haifar da hayaniyar ƙarƙashin ruwa kuma galibi sune tushen hayaniya mafi rinjaye a cikin tsarin pressure.
Tasirin Sigogin Mota akan Hayaniyar Thruster
Injin yana samar da tushen sarrafa hayaniya a cikin tsarin turawa na ƙarƙashin ruwa. Ko da injin propeller mai kyau ba zai iya rama motar da ba ta dace ba.
Gudun mota muhimmin abu ne. Injinan da ke tuƙa propellers kai tsaye suna ƙara ta'azzara kwararar ruwa da kuma ƙara haɗarin cavitation. Sabanin haka, injinan da ba su da goga mai sauƙi da ƙarfi sun fi dacewa da tura ruwa a ƙarƙashin ruwa kuma suna taimakawa wajen rage hayaniyar hydrodynamic.
Santsi na karfin juyi shima yana taka muhimmiyar rawa. Motocin da ke da karfin juyi mai yawa suna samar da ƙananan motsin jiki amma akai-akai a kowane zagayen lantarki. Waɗannan motsin suna yaɗuwa ta tsarin turawa zuwa cikin ruwan da ke kewaye, suna haifar da hayaniya da za a iya ganowa. Motocin da ke da yawan sandunan lantarki da kuma hanyoyin maganadisu da aka inganta gabaɗaya suna ba da fitowar karfin juyi mai santsi.
Tsarin bear da tsarin hatimin yana ƙara shafar aikin hayaniya. Bearings masu inganci, kayan da suka dace, da kuma tsarin hatimin da ke da karko suna taimakawa wajen rage girgiza da kuma aiki cikin natsuwa.
Matsayin Tsarin Propeller a Rage Hayaniya
Manhajar propeller ita ce kawai bangaren da ke hulɗa kai tsaye da ruwa, wanda hakan ya sa ƙirarsa ta zama muhimmiya don sarrafa hayaniya.
Dole ne a daidaita diamita da kuma matakin da motar ke fitarwa. Yawan bugun yana ƙara nauyin motar da kuma saurin gudu, yayin da rashin isasshen sautin yana buƙatar ƙarin saurin juyawa don samar da irin wannan ƙarfin, wanda ke haifar da ƙaruwar hayaniya. Daidaito mai kyau yana bawa motar damar aiki a cikin mafi kyawun kewayon ingancinta.
Adadin ruwan wukake da yanayin ruwan wukake suma suna tasiri ga hayaniyar hydrodynamic. Ƙara yawan ruwan wukake yana rage nauyin kowace ruwan wukake, yana rage canjin matsin lamba. Ruwan wukake masu gogewa da ingantaccen bayanin hydrofoil suna taimakawa wajen rage samuwar vortex da cavitation.
Bai kamata a yi watsi da zaɓin kayan aiki da kuma kammala saman ba. Masu amfani da propellers masu santsi da kuma taurin kai suna aiki da kyau a cikin ruwa, wanda ke rage yawan hayaniya.
Dabaru Masu Daidaita Mota da Propeller Masu Amfani
A aikace-aikacen injiniya na gaske, rage hayaniyar matsewa yana buƙatar hanyar da ta dace da tsarin maimakon inganta abubuwan da aka keɓe.
Ƙarancin saurin injin tare da ƙarfin juyi mai yawa yana bawa injin juyi damar aiki a ƙarƙashin yanayi mai laushi. Haɗa irin waɗannan injinan da injin juyi mai ɗan girma da matsakaicin juyi sau da yawa yana riƙe da juyi yayin da yake rage yawan hayaniyar.
Dabaru na sarrafa motoci suma suna da tasiri mai ƙarfi. Kula da sinusoidal, mafi girman mitoci na PWM, da kuma sarrafa saurin rufewa suna taimakawa rage hayaniyar lantarki da kuma girgizar karfin juyi.
Ana ba da shawarar sosai a gwada samfurin a cikin tankunan ruwa ko kuma a ainihin yanayin aiki. Binciken sautin zai iya bayyana ko hayaniyar da ta fi yawa ta fito ne daga injin ko propeller, wanda hakan zai ba da damar daidaita ƙira da aka tsara.
Kammalawa: Masu ƙaran ƙara masu ƙarancin hayaniya sun dogara da Inganta Tsarin
Ba za a iya cimma rage hayaniyar injin da ke tuƙa ruwa a ƙarƙashin ruwa ta hanyar dogaro da wani abu mai ƙarfi ɗaya ba. Madadin haka, yana buƙatar daidaita injin, mai sarrafawa, da injin da ke tuƙa mota. Ta hanyar zaɓar injinan da ke da ƙarancin gudu, masu ƙarfin juyi, inganta sigogin injin da ke tuƙa mota, da kuma amfani da dabarun sarrafawa masu dacewa, injiniyoyi za su iya rage hayaniya sosai yayin da suke kiyaye ingancin injin da ke tuƙa mota. Ga robots na ƙarƙashin ruwa, ROVs, da dandamalin ƙarƙashin ruwa, wannan hanyar daidaitawa ta cikakke sau da yawa tana tabbatar da inganci da aminci fiye da mai da hankali kan sigogin mutum ɗaya kawai.